|> is an operator, just like + (although with lower precedence). This guide has some relevant info: Operators — Elixir v1.15.7

If you consider this example:

    if true, do: 1, else: 0
    + 10

+ is left associative, so it goes “leftwards” until it gets to the end of its scope has a complete expression for its left side. To visualize the “end of its scope” bit, you can remove the syntactic sugar given by keyword lists.

It ends up being equivalent to something like this.

if true, [{:do, 1}, {:else, 0 + 10}]

EOL in Elixir aren’t semantic. I feel like there might be a counter example to this? Not sure. I know spaces matter in some cases, i.e %{foo:10} is not valid. I can’t come up with one off the top of my head.

So with that in mind you can, your original syntax is parsed like so:

if true, do: 1, else: 0
    |> Kernel.+(10)

if true, do: 1, else: 0 |> Kernel.+(10)

if true, [do: 1, else: 0 |> Kernel.+(10)]

and so on.

EDIT:

thought of an example. newlines are relevant in multiline strings, i.e

"""
foo
"""

The first """ has to have an EOL immediately after it, and the last one has to have an EOL immediately before it IIRC

It’s important to use () when using functions in pipes

You could do it like this too

iex> if(true, do: 1, else: 0) |> Kernel.+(10)
11